Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 17 in D minor, Op. 31, No. 2, also known as the Tempest, is one of his most dramatic and emotionally charged works. Composed in 1801-02, during his middle period, this sonata marks a departure from classical forms, exploring new emotional depth and innovative structures. The nickname Tempest originates from a supposed link to Shakespeare’s play of the same name, though Beethoven never confirmed this. Nevertheless, the name captures the sonata’s turbulent and stormy character.
The first movement, Largo – Allegro, opens with an eerie, questioning motif, followed by sudden outbursts of energy. This tension between uncertainty and stormy passion defines the movement. The second movement, Adagio, provides a moment of calm, with a lyrical melody that unfolds with introspective beauty. It offers a stark contrast to the outer movements’ intensity. The final Allegretto brings a sense of unresolved energy, characterized by rapid arpeggios and driving rhythms, creating a haunting, perpetual motion.
The Tempest Sonata showcases Beethoven’s mastery in blending structural innovation with emotional expression, marking it as a pivotal work in his oeuvre and a challenge for pianists to interpret its deep contrasts and complexities.
My recordings of all 32 sonatas offer a deep exploration of Beethoven's emotional and structural range, connecting the listener with the composer's transformative journey through these masterpieces.
Reflecting on my recordings of all 32 sonatas, the Evening Standard remarked, "If Beethoven hadn't written his piano sonatas in mind for himself, he might quite happily have written them for Crossland," a sentiment that humbles and inspires me in interpreting these monumental works.
